Crime in Commons

General Crimes against Earth - Climate Changing

Newspapers - Non-Peer-Reviewed Articles

  1. The climate crisis is a crime that should be prosecuted | Mark Hertsgaard | The Guardian
  2. What is ‘Ecocide’ that could lead to trial against Russia in ICC? | Russia Ukraine Crisis (republicworld.com)
  3. Climate researchers urge preparation for future fires : In The News for June 12 | National Post
  4. CANSEC 2023 Takes Action Against Cybercrime and the Impact of Climate Change – LaPatilla.com
  5. Race Against Climate Change | Canada’s National Observer: News & Analysis
  6. Create a Congressional Climate Tribunal to investigate corporate deniers (msn.com)
  7. Canadian wildfires become the global face of unfolding ecological disaster | The Star

Peer-Reviewed Articles

  1. Nature Climate Change (Portal)
  2. Participating in a climate prediction market increases concern about global warming | Nature Climate Change
  3. Philosophers and economists agree on climate policy paths but for different reasons | Nature Climate Change
  4. GEOSCAN Search Results: Fastlink (nrcan.gc.ca)
  5. Assessment of mortality risk in Poland due to cold and heat stress and predictions to 2100 (gu.ac.ir)
  6. Climate Change impacts on vegetation and agricultural drought in the basin of Panjshir River in Afghanistan (gu.ac.ir)
  7. Flood Mapping Using Multi-temporal Sentinel-1 SAR Images: A Case Study—Inaouene Watershed from Northeast of Morocco | SpringerLink
  8. Holocene climatic events in Iran (gu.ac.ir)
  9. Investigating spatial-temporal changes of climatic variables related to vegetation in urban areas: Case Study of Isfahan City. (gu.ac.ir)

Bodies of water

The five oceans are the Arctic, Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, and Southern Oceans. The seven seas are the Arctic, North Atlantic, South Atlantic, North Pacific, South Pacific, Indian, and Southern seas. While gulfs and seas exist within an ocean, these bodies of water are not the same

Newspapers - Non-Peer-Reviewed Articles

  1. Guess Who Is the Worst Enemy of the Oceans (And Everywhere Else)? | Inter Press Service (ipsnews.net)
  2. Ocean Plastics Pollution (biologicaldiversity.org)
  3. How to end ocean plastic pollution – EIA (eia-international.org)
  4. Ocean pollution – OECD
  5. Guess Who Is the Worst Enemy of the Oceans (And Everywhere Else)? (msn.com)
  6. World Environment Day: Group moves to protect Nigeria’s marine life from plastic pollution (msn.com)
  7. Piney Point pollution spread farther than first thought, new study shows (yahoo.com)
  8. Ukraine dam explosion is ‘Europe’s worst environmental disaster since Chernobyl’ | Daily Mail Online
  9. Poland, Germany discuss avoiding repeat of deadly river pollution but ready for all scenarios | CityNews Toronto

Peer-Reviewed Articles

  1. Water-Crimes-and-Policing.pdf (researchgate.net)
  2. The distribution of water‐monitoring organizations across states: Implications for community environmental policing and social justice | Emerald Insight
  3. Crimes against water: non-enforcement of state water pollution laws | SpringerLink
  4. Water Pollution Identification and Mitigation at Several Points of Bengawan Solo River | Wibisono | Journal of Global Environmental Dynamics (uns.ac.id)
  5. Environmental Damage Due to Hazardous and Toxic Pollution: A Case Study of Citarum River, West Java, Indonesia – Unas Repository
  6. Water Pollution and Contamination from Gold Mines: Acid Mine Drainage in Gauteng Province, South Africa | SpringerLink
  7. Oil pollution and water conflicts in the riverine communities in Nigeria’s Niger Delta region: challenges for and elements of problem-solving strategies: Journal of Contemporary African Studies: Vol 38, No 2 (tandfonline.com)
  8. Iraqi Academic Scientific Journals – IASJ
  9. Water | Free Full-Text | Evaluating the Impacts of Environmental and Anthropogenic Factors on Water Quality in the Bumbu River Watershed, Papua New Guinea (mdpi.com)
  10. The regulation of crimes against water in armed conflicts and other situations of violence | International Review of the Red Cross | Cambridge Core

Artic Ocean

Newspapers - Non-Peer-Reviewed Articles

  1. Human activity, climate change having cascading effects on northern ecosystem, starting with the Arctic cod – The Globe and Mail
  2. Ocean acidification in the Arctic Ocean – Wikiwand
  3. Assessment looks at dust in Arctic and its impacts on Svalbard – Eye on the Arctic (rcinet.ca)
  4. The desperate race to create a protection zone around the rapidly melting Arctic | Arctic | The Guardian
  5. Arctic Program Aids Global Pollution Reduction (medindia.net)
  6. WWF participated in the first COP for The Central Arctic Ocean Fisheries Agreement – WWF Arctic (arcticwwf.org)
  7. AC Archive Home (arctic-council.org)

Peer-Reviewed Articles

  1. The Arctic: What Everyone Needs to Know® – Klaus Dodds, Mark Nuttall – Google Books
  2. 2008-Ilulissat-Declaration.pdf (nus.edu.sg)
  3. International Agreement to Prevent Unregulated High Seas Fisheries in the Central Arctic Ocean (dfo-mpo.gc.ca)
  4. 9 | The Arctic Fisheries Agreement Enters into Force | Wilson Center
  5. The New Arctic | SpringerLink
  6. Environmental crime (interpol.int)

Atlantic Ocean

Newspapers - Non-Peer-Reviewed Articles

  1. Plastic pollution in Atlantic at least 10 times worse than thought | Plastics | The Guardian
  2. Plastic waste in Atlantic ocean is 10x more than previously predicted, study | World Economic Forum (weforum.org)
  3. Marine pollution: thousands of serious offences exposed in global operation (interpol.int)
  4. Climate change: Atlantic Ocean circulation is heading for a collapse around mid-century, scientists report | CNN
  5. Maritime crime (interpol.int)
  6. Nets, Plastic, Underwater Crime – How To Stop Ocean Pollution (forbes.com)

Peer-Reviewed Articles

  1. Blue crime: Conceptualising transnational organised crime at sea – ScienceDirect
  2. (PDF) Blue crime: Conceptualising transnational organised crime at sea (researchgate.net)
  3. Blue Criminology. The power of United Nations ideas to counter crime globally. A monographic study. by Sławomir Redo – Issuu
  4. Human Health and Ocean Pollution – PMC (nih.gov)
  5. Recent pace of change in human impact on the world’s ocean | Scientific Reports (nature.com)
  6. Cleaner seas: reducing marine pollution | SpringerLink
  7. Airborne microplastic particles detected in the remote marine atmosphere | Communications Earth & Environment (nature.com)

Pacific Ocean

Newspapers - Non-Peer-Reviewed Articles

  1. Crime, corruption, maritime insecurity and the environment: why a criminal justice approach is necessary to protect our oceans (unodc.org)
  2. Plastic pollution on course to double by 2030 | UN News
  3. Ocean plastic pollution reaches ‘unprecedented’ levels | CNN
  4. The Truth About The Pollution Making Up The Great Pacific Garbage Patch (grunge.com)
  5. Japan harms global community by dumping nuclear waste into sea – Chinadaily.com.cn
  6. Pacific Islands takes on fight against plastic pollution on global stage – Radio Polynesia Samoa
  7. 5 Solutions to the Great Pacific Garbage Patch | Vision Launch Media

Peer-Reviewed Articles

  1. The Global Context of Transnational Environmental Crime in Asia | SpringerLink
  2. 10 interesting facts about the Great Pacific Garbage Patch (eradicateplastic.com)
  3. The impact of debris on marine life – ScienceDirect
  4. 10 interesting facts about the Great Pacific Garbage Patch (eradicateplastic.com)
  5. Microplastic pollution in seawater and marine organisms across the Tropical Eastern Pacific and Galápagos – PMC (nih.gov)
  6. Frontiers | Editorial: Illegal Fishing as a Trans-National Crime (frontiersin.org)

Indian Ocean

Newspapers - Non-Peer-Reviewed Articles

  1. Indian Ocean Division (unodc.org)
  2. Indian Ocean Polluted – CBS News
  3. Combatting Transnational Organised Crime in the Western Indian Ocean through Maritime Law Enforcement Mentoring (unodc.org)
  4. Cargo ships dumping oil into the sea go unpunished – DW – 03/22/2022

Peer-Reviewed Articles

  1. Analysis Of The Indian Ocean Policy In The Backdrop Of International Laws (lawcorner.in)
  2. org/documents/Maritime_crime/19-02087_Maritime_Crime_Manual_Second_Edition_ebook.pdf
  3. Indian Ocean Rising: (jstor.org)
  4. (PDF) Transnational organised crime at sea as a threat to the sustainable development goals: Taking direction from piracy and counter-piracy in the Western Indian Ocean (researchgate.net)

Southern Ocean

Newspapers - Non-Peer-Reviewed Articles

  1. Plastic debris reaches Southern Ocean, previously thought to be pristine | Waste | The Guardian
  2. Southern Water’s pollution of our coastal seas is not just criminal — it is evil | TheArticle
  3. Marine pollution – Australian Antarctic Program (antarctica.gov.au)
  4. Pollution in Antarctica, Human Impacts on Antarctica and Threats to the Environment – Pollution (coolantarctica.com)
  5. Crime, corruption, maritime insecurity and the environment: why a criminal justice approach is necessary to protect our oceans (unodc.org)
  6. An ocean like no other: the Southern Ocean’s ecological richness and significance for global climate (theconversation.com)

Peer-Reviewed Articles

  1. Marine plastic pollution in the polar south: Responses from Antarctic Treaty System | Polar Record | Cambridge Core
  2. Frontiers | Local Drivers of Change in Southern Ocean Ecosystems: Human Activities and Policy Implications (frontiersin.org)
  3. Oceanic Pollution and The Southern Ocean: Rethinking the International Legal Implications for Antarctica on JSTOR

North Atlantic

Newspapers - Non-Peer-Reviewed Articles

  1. Reducing aerosol pollution has led to more hurricanes in the North Atlantic, study shows | CNN
  2. Ships are illegally dumping plastic trash at sea, study suggests | CBC News
  3. Dumped chemical weapons litter the ocean floors | Popular Science (popsci.com)

Peer-Reviewed Articles

  1. High concentrations of plastic hidden beneath the surface of the Atlantic Ocean | Nature Communications
  2. (PDF) Distinct evolutions of haze pollution from winter to following spring over the North China Plain: Role of the North Atlantic sea surface temperature anomalies (researchgate.net)
  3. Overfishing: A Current Serious Environmental Problem – Global Waste Cleaning Network (gwcnweb.org)

South Atlantic

Newspapers - Non-Peer-Reviewed Articles

  1. Southern Water dumped raw sewage into sea for years | Pollution | The Guardian
  2. ‘The sea was milky white’: how the Southern Water sewage scandal unfolded | Water | The Guardian
  3. Drone footage shows sewage pouring into sea at a conservation area for 49 HOURS | Daily Mail Online
  4. Southern Water fined record £90m for dumping sewage – Defra in the media (blog.gov.uk)
  5. Dumped at sea: plastic pollution in the South Atlantic | University of Cape Town (uct.ac.za)

North Pacific

Newspapers - Non-Peer-Reviewed Articles

  1. Oil spill at sea: who will pay for Peru’s worst environmental disaster? | Oil spills | The Guardian
  2. Ecocide: Should killing nature be a crime? – BBC Future

Peer-Reviewed Articles

  1. First evidence of plastic fallout from the North Pacific Garbage Patch | Scientific Reports (nature.com)
  2. Pollutants in Plastics within the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre | Environmental Science & Technology (acs.org)

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