The Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty,

The Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty,

The Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty, also known as the Madrid Protocol, complements the Antarctic Treaty, which was signed in Madrid on October 4, 1991. It entered into force on January 14, 1998. The protocol designates Antarctica as a “natural reserve, devoted to peace and science” (Art. 2), reinforcing the Antarctic Treaty in order to increase the protection of the Antarctic environment and dependent ecosystems.

To access the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty, click here

Signatories:

  • Australia
  • Belgium
  • Brazil
  • Bulgaria
  • Chile
  • China
  • Czechia
  • Ecuador
  • Finland
  • France
  • Germany
  • India
  • Italy
  • Japan
  • Korea ROK
  • Netherlands
  • New Zealand
  • Norway
  • Perú
  • Poland
  • Russian Fed.
  • South Africa
  • Spain
  • Sweden
  • Ukraine
  • United Kingdom
  • United States
  • Uruguay
  • Austria
  • Belarus
  • Canada
  • Colombia
  • Greece
  • Malaysia
  • Monaco
  • Pakistan
  • Portugal
  • Romania
  • Switzerland
  • Turkey
  • Venezuela