
The Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty, also known as the Madrid Protocol, complements the Antarctic Treaty, which was signed in Madrid on October 4, 1991. It entered into force on January 14, 1998. The protocol designates Antarctica as a “natural reserve, devoted to peace and science” (Art. 2), reinforcing the Antarctic Treaty in order to increase the protection of the Antarctic environment and dependent ecosystems.
To access the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty, click here:
Signatories:
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One of the most profitable global criminal enterprises is one you might not expect. It is crimes like illegal fishing and logging, waste trafficking and trade in wildlife. And the financial sector is reaping huge rewards from these assaults against the natural environment on which we depend
The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in Those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa (UNCCD)
Putrajaya Declaration of Regional Cooperation for the Sustainable Development of the Seas of East Asia
Convention for the Protection and Development of the Marine Environment of the Wider Caribbean Region
Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic (OSPAR Convention)
Kuwait Regional Convention for Co-operation on the Protection of the Marine Environment from Pollution
The Framework Convention on the Protection and Sustainable Development of the Carpathians (Carpathian Convention)
Kuwait Regional Convention for Co-operation on the Protection of the Marine Environment from Pollution
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The waters off Somalia are some of the richest fishing grounds in the world and are still largely untapped. Following the steady decline in attacks by Somali pirates since 2012, foreign fishing fleets have gradually returned to Somali waters. Many of these vessels, particularly those originating in Iran, Yemen and South East Asia, routinely engage in IUU (illegal, unreported and unregulated) fishing practices.